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Margaret Mead (December 16, 1901 – November 15, 1978) was an American cultural anthropologist who featured frequently as an author and speaker in the mass media during the 1960s and 1970s.〔 She earned her bachelor's degree at Barnard College in New York City and her M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from Columbia University. Mead was a respected and often controversial academic who popularized the insights of anthropology in modern American and Western culture. Her reports detailing the attitudes towards sex in South Pacific and Southeast Asian traditional cultures influenced the 1960s sexual revolution. She was a proponent of broadening sexual mores within a context of traditional Western religious life. As an Anglican Christian, Mead played a considerable part in the drafting of the 1979 American Episcopal Book of Common Prayer.〔Howard 1984.〕 ==Birth, early family life, and education== Margaret Mead, the first of five children, was born in Philadelphia, but raised in nearby Doylestown, Pennsylvania. Her father, Edward Sherwood Mead, was a professor of finance at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and her mother, Emily (née Fogg) Mead,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Shaping Forces – Margaret Mead: Human Nature and the Power of Culture (Library of Congress Exhibition) )〕 was a sociologist who studied Italian immigrants.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title="Margaret Mead" by Wilton S. Dillon )〕 Her sister Katharine (1906–1907) died at the age of nine months. This was a traumatic event for Mead, who had named this baby, and thoughts of her lost sister permeated her daydreams for many years.〔 Her family moved frequently, so her early education alternated between home-schooling and traditional schools.〔 Her family owned the Longland farm from 1912 to 1926.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 National Historic Landmarks & National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania ) ''Note:'' This includes 〕 Born into a family of various religious outlooks, she searched for a form of religion that gave an expression of the faith that she had been formally acquainted with, Christianity. In doing so, she found the rituals of the Episcopal Church to fit the expression of religion she was seeking.〔 Margaret studied one year, 1919, at DePauw University, then transferred to Barnard College where she earned her bachelor's degree in 1923. She studied with professor Franz Boas and Dr. Ruth Benedict at Columbia University before earning her master's degree in 1924.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Encyclopædia Britannica's Guide to Women's History )〕 Mead set out in 1925 to do fieldwork in Samoa.〔Mead 1977〕 In 1926, she joined the American Museum of Natural History, New York City, as assistant curator. She received her Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1929. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Margaret Mead」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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